버즈 필립 66토론방법

필립 66(버즈 세션) PHILLIPS 66 (‘BUZZ’ SESSIONS)

하정미 일부분 역,

개발자- 필립(1948) 수정자- 마이어(1963)

 

66공식: 6사람이 6분 동안 이야기하는 것- 그룹 구성원들이 질문 등을 통해 적극적으로 참여하도록 격려하는 방식, 이것은 20-100명 정도의 보다 더 큰 그룹에서도 6-12명의 하위그룹으로 쪼개는 방식으로 사용가능한 토론 방법이다.

 

 

This was developed by Phillips (1948 –his ‘66’ formula had groups of six talking for six minutes) and later by Maier (1963 –with different formulae) as a way of encouraging members of an audience to submit questions, etc., to a speaker or panel. It can work with large groups of, say, 20-100 people, either in a large flat-floor room or in a room with rapid access to sufficient small break-out rooms for the audience to be able to break up into groups of 6-12 people.

 

1. 그룹의 흥미와 능력, 경험에 맞는 주제선정, 그룹의 과업을 선정한다. In advance, plan the problem statement, and what you want the groups to do with it. The statement and task must appear relevant, be able to catch the groups’ interest, match the group’s ability and experience, be narrow enough to keep discussions focused, and yet also open enough to trigger lively discussion.

2. 토의 주제와 과업을 적절한 때에 설명하고 시간제한을 제시한다. At an appropriate point, the problem statement and task are described, and a time limit is set. Phillips recommended six minutes, but 20–0 minutes is usually more realistic.

3. 리더는 적절한 그룹 구성원의 수와 크기를 말한다. 필립은 6명을 추천하지만 토론실의 크기나 공간의 형편에 따라 조절가능하다. The leader states the preferred number of groups and group size. Participants divide up informally. Phillips recommended 6 per group, but it depends on things like break-out space, and the acceptable number of closing feedback presentations. A meeting of 25 people might give seven groups of three or four ; one of 100 might give ten groups of eight to twelve.

4. 그룹들은 그들의 지정된 토론장소로 간다. 필립은 각 그룹의 대표와 서기를 선출할 것을 추천한다. 그러나 마이어는 그룹의 구조는 비공식적인 자유로운 형태를 선호한다. The groups go to their designated break-out location. Phillips recommends that they then elect a chairperson and a secretary/spokesperson to record and report back what happens, but Maier prefers the group structure to be completely informal.

5. 그룹은 주제를 토론하고 아이디어를 제안하고 어떻게 보고할 것인지 계획한다. The groups discuss the issue, suggest ideas, and plan their report.

6. 정해진 시간에 모두 다시 모여 각 그룹의 대표가 총회에 자신의 그룹토론의 결과를 피드백 한다. 이 때 발표 시간을 엄수하여야 한다. At the agreed time, everybody reconvenes, and each spokesperson in turn feeds back his or her group’s results. Timing must be tightly managed.

7. 함께 모인 모든 구성원들이 이어서 토론하고 모든 그룹 구성원들에 의한 세부적인 이야기들이 수집되고 이러한 결과가 종합되고 평가된다. There may be a subsequent plenary discussion, and/or the detailed notes from all groups may be collected together for subsequent collation and evaluation.

 

This widely used formula has two serious weak points(이 방식의 약점):

• Unless sub-group members are skilled self-managers, 30 minutes. is inadequate for group formation, so sub-group discussion can easily be superficial and poorly focused.

• The secretary/spokesperson’s plenary presentation is the crucial link between subgroup and plenary meeting. It is often rushed, limited and misleading. Buzz sessions can be good for networking and stimulating grass-roots discussion about important issues, but poor as a direct channel from buzz group members to senior decision makers (and, indeed, can be used cynically, to create the illusion that senior people are listening to the grass-roots). Methods for overcoming this bottle-neck include:

• Getting decision-making team members to sit in as buzz group observers.

• Providing skilled ‘committee secretary’ support for each buzz group, so that the secretary/spokesperson offers recording/reporting skills, but does not take part in the discussion (cf. the ‘information butlers’ in Metaplan information markets).

• Using methods that record buzz-group members’ ideas in writing, which can be subsequently gathered, collated and analysed.

 

참고문헌

Phillips, D.J. (1948) ‘Report on Discussion 66’, Adult Education Journal, 7, 181–182.

Maier, N.R.F. (1963) Problem-solving Discussions and Conferences, New York, McGraw Hill.

 

Based in part on: VanGundy, A.B. (1988) Techniques of Structured Problem Solving, 2nd ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold. Technique 4.45, pp. 157–159.

Source: J. Martin, R. Bell, E. Farmer and J. Henry, (2010) Technique Library, Milton Keynes, UK: Open University, ISBN 9781 8987 3541 5

http://comscientia.com/training_course_examples/ctl/pages/Phillips%2066%20(buzz%20sessions).pdf